Tag Archives: sklearn
Accuracy, Precision, Recall & F1-Score – Python Examples
Classification models are used in classification problems to predict the target class of the data sample. The classification model predicts the probability that each instance belongs to one class or another. It is important to evaluate the performance of the classifications model in order to reliably use these models in production for solving real-world problems. Performance measures in machine learning classification models are used to assess how well machine learning classification models perform in a given context. These performance metrics include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Because it helps us understand the strengths and limitations of these models when making predictions in new situations, model performance is essential for machine learning. …
K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Python Examples
If you’re working with data analytics projects including building machine learning (ML) models, you’ve probably heard of the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm. But what is it, exactly? And more importantly, how can you use it in your own AI / ML projects? In this post, we’ll take a closer look at the KNN algorithm and walk through a simple Python example. You will learn about the K-nearest neighbors algorithm with Python Sklearn examples. K-nearest neighbors algorithm is used for solving both classification and regression machine learning problems. Stay tuned! Introduction to K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) Algorithm K-nearest neighbors is a supervised machine learning algorithm for classification and regression. In both cases, the input consists …
Learning Curves Python Sklearn Example
In this post, you will learn about how to use learning curves using Python code (Sklearn) example to determine machine learning model bias-variance. Knowing how to use learning curves will help you assess/diagnose whether the model is suffering from high bias (underfitting) or high variance (overfitting) and whether increasing training data samples could help solve the bias or variance problem. You may want to check some of the following posts in order to get a better understanding of bias-variance and underfitting-overfitting. Bias-variance concepts and interview questions Overfitting/Underfitting concepts and interview questions What are learning curves & why they are important? Learning curve in machine learning is used to assess how models will …
Machine Learning Sklearn Pipeline – Python Example
In this post, you will learning about concepts about machine learning (ML) pipeline and how to build ML pipeline using Python Sklearn Pipeline (sklearn.pipeline) package. Getting to know how to use Sklearn.pipeline effectively for training/testing machine learning models will help automate various different activities such as feature scaling, feature selection / extraction and training/testing the models. It is recommended for data scientists (Python) to get a good understanding of Sklearn.pipeline. Introduction to Machine Learning Pipeline & Sklearn.pipeline Machine Learning (ML) pipeline, theoretically, represents different steps including data transformation and prediction through which data passes. The outcome of the pipeline is the trained model which can be used for making the predictions. …
Sklearn SimpleImputer Example – Impute Missing Data
In this post, you will learn about how to use Python’s Sklearn SimpleImputer for imputing / replacing numerical & categorical missing data using different strategies. In one of the related article posted sometime back, the usage of fillna method of Pandas DataFrame is discussed. Handling missing values is key part of data preprocessing and hence, it is of utmost importance for data scientists / machine learning Engineers to learn different techniques in relation imputing / replacing numerical or categorical missing values with appropriate value based on appropriate strategies. SimpleImputer Python Code Example SimpleImputer is a class in the sklearn.impute module that can be used to replace missing values in a dataset, using a …
K-Fold Cross Validation – Python Example
In this post, you will learn about K-fold Cross-Validation concepts with Python code examples. K-fold cross-validation is a data splitting technique that can be implemented with k > 1 folds. K-Fold Cross Validation is also known as k-cross, k-fold cross-validation, k-fold CV, and k-folds. The k-fold cross-validation technique can be implemented easily using Python with scikit learn (Sklearn) package which provides an easy way to calculate k-fold cross-validation models. It is important to learn the concepts of cross-validation concepts in order to perform model tuning with the end goal to choose a model which has a high generalization performance. As a data scientist / machine learning Engineer, you must have a good …
Linear Regression Explained with Python Examples
In this post, you will learn about concepts of linear regression along with Python Sklearn examples for training linear regression models. Linear regression belongs to class of parametric models and used to train supervised models. The following topics are covered in this post: Introduction to linear regression Linear regression concepts / terminologies Linear regression python code example Introduction to Linear Regression Linear regression is a machine learning algorithm used to predict the value of continuous response variables. The predictive analytics problems that are solved using linear regression models are called supervised learning problems as it requires that the value of response/target variables must be present and used for training the models. Also, recall that …
Lasso Regression Explained with Python Example
In this post, you will learn concepts of Lasso regression along with Python Sklearn examples. Lasso regression algorithm introduces penalty against model complexity (a large number of parameters) using regularization parameter. The other two similar forms of regularized linear regression are Ridge regression and Elasticnet regression which will be discussed in future posts. In this post, the following topics are discussed: What’s Lasso Regression? Lasso regression is a machine learning algorithm that can be used to perform linear regression while also reducing the number of features used in the model. Lasso stands for least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Pay attention to the words, “least absolute shrinkage” and “selection”. We will …
How to deal with Class Imbalance in Python
In this post, you will learn about how to deal with class imbalance by adjusting class weight while solving a machine learning classification problem. This will be illustrated using Sklearn Python code example. What is Class Imbalance? Class imbalance refers to a problem in machine learning where the classes in the data are not equally represented. For example, if there are 100 data points and 90 of them belong to Class A and 10 belong to Class B, then the classes are imbalanced. Class imbalance can lead to problems with training machine learning models because the models may be biased towards the more common class. If there are more examples …
Elbow Method vs Silhouette Score – Which is Better?
In K-means clustering, elbow method and silhouette analysis or score techniques are used to find the number of clusters in a dataset. The elbow method is used to find the “elbow” point, where adding additional data samples does not change cluster membership much. Silhouette score determines whether there are large gaps between each sample and all other samples within the same cluster or across different clusters. In this post, you will learn about these two different methods to use for finding optimal number of clusters in K-means clustering. Selecting optimal number of clusters is key to applying clustering algorithm to the dataset. As a data scientist, knowing these two techniques to find …
Bagging Classifier Python Code Example
Bagging is a type of ensemble machine learning approach that combines the outputs from many learner to improve performance. These algorithms function by breaking down the training set into subsets and running them through various machine-learning models, after which combining their predictions when they return together to generate an overall prediction for each instance in the original data. In this blog post, you will learn about the concept of Bagging along with Bagging Classifier Python code example. Bagging is commonly used in machine learning for classification problems, particularly when using decision trees or artificial neural networks as part of a boosting ensemble. It has been applied to various machine-learning algorithms including decision stumps, …
Gradient Boosting Regression Python Examples
In this post, you will learn about the concepts of Gradient Boosting Regression with the help of Python Sklearn code example. Gradient Boosting algorithm is one of the key boosting machine learning algorithms apart from AdaBoost and XGBoost. What is Gradient Boosting Regression? Gradient Boosting algorithm is used to generate an ensemble model by combining the weak learners or weak predictive models. Gradient boosting algorithm can be used to train models for both regression and classification problem. Gradient Boosting Regression algorithm is used to fit the model which predicts the continuous value. Gradient boosting builds an additive mode by using multiple decision trees of fixed size as weak learners or …
Hierarchical Clustering Explained with Python Example
In this post, you will learn about the concepts of Hierarchical clustering with the help of Python code example. As data scientist / machine learning enthusiasts, you would want to learn the concepts of hierarchical clustering in a great manner. The following topics will be covered in this post: What is hierarchical clustering? Hierarchical clustering Python example What is Hierarchical Clustering? Hierarchical clustering is an unsupervised learning algorithm which is based on clustering data based on hierarchical ordering. Recall that clustering is an algorithm which groups data points within multiple clusters such that data within each cluster are similar to each other while clusters are different each other. The hierarchical clustering can be classified …
Python Sklearn – How to Generate Random Datasets
In this post, you will learn about some useful random datasets generators provided by Python Sklearn. There are many methods provided as part of Sklearn.datasets package. In this post, we will take the most common ones such as some of the following which could be used for creating data sets for doing proof-of-concepts solution for regression, classification and clustering machine learning algorithms. As data scientists, you must get familiar with these methods in order to quickly create the datasets for training models using different machine learning algorithms. Methods for generating datasets for Classification Methods for generating datasets for Regression Methods for Generating Datasets for Classification The following is the list of …
RANSAC Regression Explained with Python Examples
In this post, you will learn about the concepts of RANSAC regression algorithm along with Python Sklearn example for RANSAC regression implementation using RANSACRegressor. RANSAC regression algorithm is useful for handling the outliers dataset. Instead of taking care of outliers using statistical and other techniques, one can use RANSAC regression algorithm which takes care of the outlier data. In this post, the following topics are covered: Introduction to RANSAC regression RANSAC Regression Python code example Introduction to RANSAC Regression RANSAC (RANdom SAmple Consensus) algorithm takes linear regression algorithm to the next level by excluding the outliers in the training dataset. The presence of outliers in the training dataset does impact …
KMeans Silhouette Score Explained with Python Example
In this post, you will learn about concepts of KMeans Silhouette Score in relation to assessing the quality of K-Means clusters fit on the data. As a data scientist, it is of utmost important to understand the concepts of Silhouette score as it would help in evaluating the quality of clustering done using K-Means algorithm. In this post, the following topics will be covered: Introduction to Silhouette Score concepts Silhouette score explained using Python example You may want to check some of the following posts in relation to clustering: K-Means clustering explained with Python examples K-Means clustering elbow method and SSE Plot K-Means interview questions and answers Introduction to Silhouette Score Concepts …
