Tag Archives: ai

Unit Tests & Data Coverage for Machine Learning Models

Unit testing for Machine Learning Models

This post represents thoughts on what would it look like planning unit tests for machine learning models. The idea is to perform automated testing of ML models as part of regular builds to check for regression related errors in terms of whether the predictions made by certain set of input data vectors does not match with expected outcomes. This brings up some of the following topics for discussion: Why unit testing for machine learning models? What would unit tests for machine learning models mean? Data coverage or code coverage? Why unit testing for Machine Learning models? Once a model is built, the challenge is to monitor the performance metrics of the models …

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Machine Learning Models used in Facebook

machine learning models at facebook

This post quickly represents machine learning projects and related machine learning models. The above diagram represents the usage of the following learning algorithms: Support Vector Machines (SVM) Gradient-boosted decision trees Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP): Used for ranking and personalizing news feeds, ads, search etc. Convolutional neural networks (CNN): Recurrent neural networks (RNN): Used for language translation, speech recognition, content understanding References

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13 Programming Languages used for Machine Learning

Programming languages used for machine learning

In this post, you will learn about different programming languages which can be used to create (train) machine learning models to solve supervised and unsupervised learning problems. Here are the top 13 programming languages used for machine learning: R Language: R is one of the most popular programming language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. Python: There are some of the following Python libraries which makes it easy to create machine learning/deep learning models: Scikit-learn library (Classical machine learning models): Packages such as NumPy, SciPy, Pandas are very useful and helpful in creating supervised and unsupervised learning models. Deep learning models using python libraries provided by Tensorflow, PyTorch, Theanos, CNTK, …

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Top 5 Machine Learning Introduction Slides for Beginners

Machine learning neural network slides

In this post, you will get to know a list of introduction slides (ppt) for machine learning. These slides could help you understand different types of machine learning algorithms with detailed examples. One or more slides from the following list could be used for making presentations on machine learning. If you are looking out for topics to be included in the machine learning course for your internal training purpose in your organization, the details presented below might turn out to be very helpful. If you are starting on learning data science, these could be good slides. Machine Learning Overview Machine Learning: An Overview: The slides present introduction to machine learning …

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Andrew NG Machine Learning Coursera Videos

In this post, you will get to know the list of Andrew NG Machine Learning Coursera Videos. Here is the information: Youtube playlist of machine learning videos which are same as that of Andrew NG machine learning course on Coursera. One could use Internet Download Manager (IDM) to download these videos. Use Coursera-dl script found on Github to download the machine learning course. The script makes it easier to batch download lecture resources (e.g., videos, ppt, etc) for Coursera classes. Given one or more class names and account credentials, it obtains week and class names from the lectures page, and then downloads the related materials into appropriately named files and directories. Use AcademicTorrents website …

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MIT OCW Machine Learning Courses Information

MIT Opencourseware Machine Learning

In this post, you get the information related to MIT OCW machine learning course from MIT OpencourseWare (OCW). They use  Matlab as the primary programming environment. The documentation for Matlab could be found on this page, Matlab Documentation.  The course is provided by Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department. Other related courses which could be useful for data scientist / machine learning engineers are some of the following: Introduction to probability (Video lectures, Lecture notes) Introduction to computational thinking and data science (Video lectures, Lecture notes) Lecture Notes – Machine Learning Course Lecture notes could be found on the following topics: Introduction, linear classification, perceptron update rule (PDF) Perceptron convergence, generalization (PDF) …

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Machine Learning – Insurance Applications Use Cases

machine learning insurance applications use cases

In this post, you will learn about some of the following insurance applications use cases where machine learning or AI-powered solution can be applied: Insurance advice to consumers and agents Claims processing Fraud protection Risk management AI-powered Insurance Advice to Consumers & Agents Insurance Advice to Consumers: Machine learning models could be trained to recommend the tailor made products based on the learning of the consumer profiles and related attributes such as queries etc from the past data. Such models could be integrated with Chatbots (Google Dialog flow, Amazon Lex etc) applications to create intelligent digital agents (Bots/apps) which could understand the intent of the user, collect appropriate data from the user (using prompts) …

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AWS reInvent – Top 7 New Machine Learning Services

Amazon Forecast Technology Architecture

In this post, you will learn about some great new and updated machine learning services which have been launched at AWS re:Invent Conference Nov 2018. My personal favorite is Amazon Textract. Amazon Personalize Amazon Forecast Amazon Textract Amazon DeepRacer Amazon Elastic inference AWS Inferentia Updated Amazon Sagemaker Amazon Personalize for Personalized Recommendations Amazon Personalize is a managed machine learning service by Amazon with the primary goal to democratize recommendation system benefitting smaller and larger companies to quickly get up and running with the recommendation system thereby creating the great user experience. Here is the link to Amazon Personalize Developer Guide. The following are some of the highlights: Helps personalize the user experience using some of …

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Guidelines for Creating an Ethical AI Framework

Ethical AI Framework Components

In this post, you will learn about how to create an Ethical AI Framework which could be used in your organization. In case, you are looking for Ethical AI RAG Matrix created with Excel, please drop me a message. The following are key aspects of ethical AI which should be considered for creating the framework: Fairness Accountability Transparency Reliability & Safety Data privacy and security Fairness AI/ML-powered solutions should be designed, developed and used in respect of fundamental human rights and in accordance with the fairness principle. The model design considerations should include the impact on not only the individuals but also the collective impact on groups and on society at large. The following represents some …

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Ethical AI Principles – IBM, Google, Intel, Microsoft

microsoft ethical ai principles

In this post, you will get a quick glimpse of ethical AI principles of companies such as IBM, Intel, Google, and Microsoft. The following represents the ethical AI principles of companies mentioned above: IBM Ethical AI Principles: The following represents six ethical AI principles of IBM: Accountability: AI designers and developers are responsible for considering AI design, development, decision processes, and outcomes. Value alignment: AI should be designed to align with the norms and values of your user group in mind. Explainability: AI should be designed for humans to easily perceive, detect, and understand its decision process, and the predictions/recommendations. This is also, at times, referred to as interpretability of AI. Simply …

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IEEE Bookmarks on Ethical AI Considerations

ethical ai design ieee

In this post, you will get to have bookmarks for ethical AI by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) group. Those starting on the journey of ethical AI would find these bookmarks very useful. ML researchers and data scientists would also want to learn about ethical AI practices to apply them while building and testing the models. The following are some bookmarks on ethical AI considerations by IEEE group: The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems: An initiative by IEEE for setting up new standards and solutions, certifications and codes of conduct, and consensus building for ethical implementation of intelligent technologies to ensure that these technologies are …

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AI-powered Project Baseline to Map Human Health

project baseline

In this post, you will learn about technologies and data gathering strategy for Project Baseline, an initiative by Google. Project Baseline is an IOT-based AI-powered initiative to map human health. Different kinds of machine learning algorithms including deep learning etc would be used to understand different aspects of human health and make predictions for overall health improvements and precautionary measures. This would require a very large volume of data to be gathered and processed before being fed into AI models. The following represents the data gathering strategies for Project Baseline: Diagnostic tests covering blood-related tests; specialized tests such as ECG, chest X-ray, eyesight check Doctor examination leading to the collection of data related to health …

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Facebook Machine Learning Tool to Check Terrorists Posts

Facebook ML System Integrity Compromised

In this post, you will learn about details on Facebook machine learning tool to contain online terrorists propaganda. The following topics are discussed in this post: High-level design of Facebook machine learning solution for blocking inappropriate posts Threat model (attack vector) on Facebook ML-powered solution ML Solution Design for Blocking Inappropriate Posts The following is the workflow Facebook uses for handling inappropriate messages posted by terrorist organizations/users. Train/Test a text classification ML/DL model to flag the posts as inappropriate if the posts is found to contain words representing terrorist propaganda. In production, block the messages which the model could predict as inappropriate with very high confidence. Flag the messages for data analysts processing if the …

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ML Model Fairness Research from IBM, Google & Others

In this post, you would learn about details (brief information and related URLs) on some of the research work done on AI / machine learning model ethics & fairness / bias in companies such as Google, IBM, Microsoft and others. This post will be updated from time-to-time covering latest projects/research work happening in various companies. You may want to bookmark the page for checking out latest details. Before we go ahead, it may be worth visualizing the great deal of research happening in the field of machine learning model fairness represented using the cartoon below, which is taken from the course CS 294: Fairness in Machine Learning course taught at UC Berkley. IBM Research for ML Model Fairness AI Fairness 360 - AIF360: AIF360 Toolkit is aimed to help data scientists, not only detect biases at different points (training data, classifier and predictions) in machine learning pipeline but also apply bias mitigation strategies to handle any discovered bias. Here is the link for AIF360 Portal Trusted AI Research: List down research publications and related work in the following areas: Robustness (Security & reliability of AI systems) Fairness Explainability / Interpretability Trackability (Lineage) AI Fairness Tutorials: Presents tutorials with the following projects: Credit scoring Medical expenditure Gender classification of face images AI Model Fairness research papers based on which AIF360 toolkit is created. Google Research/Courses on ML Model Fairness Here are some links in relation to machine learning model fairness. Machine learning fairness Google Machine Learning crash course - Fairness module: In addition, the module also presents information on some of the following: Types of Bias. Discussed are some of the following different types of bias: Selection bias (coverage bias, non-response bias, sampling bias) Group attribution bias (in-group bias, out-group homogeneity bias) Implicit bias (confirmation & experimenter's bias) Identifying bias: The following are some of the topics discussed for identifying the bias: Missing feature values Unexpected feature values Data skew Evaluating Bias: Confusion matrix (accuracy vs recall or sensitivity) could be used to evaluate bias for different groups. Interactive visualization on attacking discrimination with smarter machine learning Microsoft Research on Model FATE FATE: Defines initiatives in relation to some of the following: Fairness Accountability Transparency Ethics Kate Crawford - The Rise of Autonomous Experimentation: Technical, Social, and Ethical Implications of AI. Details & some great videos could be found on Kate Crawford Website. Hanna Wallach - Work on FATE Summary In this post, you learned about details on courses and research initiatives happening in the area of machine learning model fairness in different companies such as Google, IBM and others.

In this post, you would learn about details (brief information and related URLs) on some of the research work done on AI/machine learning model ethics & fairness (bias) in companies such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, and others. This post will be updated from time-to-time covering latest projects/research work happening in various companies. You may want to bookmark the page for checking out the latest details. Before we go ahead, it may be worth visualizing a great deal of research happening in the field of machine learning model fairness represented using the cartoon below, which is taken from the course CS 294: Fairness in Machine Learning course taught at UC Berkley. IBM Research for ML Model Fairness …

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Fairness Metrics – ML Model Sensitivity for Bias Detection

Model sensitivity for bias detection

There are many different ways in which machine learning (ML) models’ fairness could be determined. Some of them are statistical parity, the relative significance of features, model sensitivity etc. In this post, you would learn about how model sensitivity could be used to determine model fairness or bias of model towards the privileged or unprivileged group. The following are some of the topics covered in this post: How could Model Sensitivity be used to determine Model Bias or Fairness? Example – Model Sensitivity & Bias Detection How could Model Sensitivity determine Model Bias or Fairness? Model sensitivity could be used as a fairness metrics to measure the model bias towards the privileged or unprivileged group. Higher the …

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Data Science Project Folder Structure

Data Science Project Folder Structure

Have you been looking out for project folder structure or template for storing artifacts of your data science or machine learning project? Once there are teams working on a particular data science project and there arises a need for governance and automation of different aspects of the project using build automation tool such as Jenkins, one would feel the need to store the artifacts in well-structured project folders. In this post, you will learn about the folder structure using which you could choose to store your files/artifacts of your data science projects. Folder Structure of Data Science Project The following represents the folder structure for your data sciences project. Note that the project structure is created keeping in mind integration with build and automation jobs. …

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